![]() ![]() The concentrations of most minerals in human milk remain fairly constant during lactation, except for zinc, copper, and iron. Minerals are essential nutrients for the growth and development of healthy tissues for both adults and infants. Therefore, investigations of human milk content and the factors affecting human milk composition are important for improving the growth and development of breastfeeding infants and for establishing nutritional requirements for lactating mothers. Correspondingly, the World Health Organization recommends that breastfeeding should constitute the exclusive source of nutrition for infants up to at least 6 months of age. Human milk is considered to provide an infant with all the essential nutrients needed in the early stages of life following birth. ![]() In conclusion, associations between maternal diet and nutrient concentrations in transitory human milk can provide useful information, particularly in regard to infant growth. Consumption of rice was the top contributor to the concentrations of all three minerals. Intakes of vitamin C, selenium, and iodine were associated with the concentration of copper in the milk samples analyzed, and consumption of food categorized as 'meat and meat products' was positively associated with the concentration of zinc. Dietary intakes of zinc, copper, and iron during lactation did not affect the concentrations of zinc, copper, and iron in the milk samples analyzed. In contrast, the mothers who took daily supplements had much higher iron concentrations in their milk (p = 0.002). The mothers who consumed alcoholic beverages during pregnancy had tended to have lower concentrations of zinc and copper, as well as significantly lower concentrations of iron, in their milk (p < 0.047). The mean zinc, copper, and iron concentrations in the human milk samples collected were 3.88 ± 1.74 mg/L, 0.69 ± 0.25 mg/L, and 5.85 ± 8.53 mg/L, respectively. Dietary intake during lactation was determined based on a 3-day dietary record. Human milk samples were collected between 5 and 15 days postpartum from 96 healthy, lactating mothers in postpartum care centers in Seoul, Korea. The aims of this study were to evaluate zinc, copper, and iron concentrations in the transitory milk of Korean lactating mothers and to investigate the relationship between these concentrations and maternal diet. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |